Modern Stress Theory
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This 8 page paper begins with an introduction to Selye's major theories about stress. In today's ever-changing world, the types of stress we experience does not allow people to adopt a fight or flight response. The writer comments on the types of stress in today's world, why people feel such stress, including the feelings of loss and the lack of time to deal with the grief. The essay reports some of the symptoms of stress. The final section discusses post-traumatic stress disorder. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: PGstrsmd.rtf

Multicultural Counseling in Substance Abuse: Blacks and Hispanics
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A 16 page paper discussing the need for cultural awareness on the part of treatment personnel. Cultural characteristics can dictate individuals’ reactions to stressors and treatment, and those involved in treatment must be aware of the individual’s culture’s views of and reactions to substance abuse. One of the hallmarks of current treatment methods is to encourage and support additional education and job training, which also is more difficult to accomplish among African American and Hispanic populations. The treating clinician needs to be aware of these aftercare difficulties early on, and to take steps that seek to circumvent the cultural barriers that exist. Toward this end, this paper discusses current preferred methods of substance abuse treatment, trends in demographic changes and cultural implications among African American and Hispanic ethnic groups. It concludes that culture influences how both groups come to seek substance abuse treatment and how they react to it. Clinicians not only have to be aware of cultural differences, they also need to directly address aftercare issues of education and employment. Includes an abstract and a 1-page outline. Bibliography lists 14 sources.
Filename: KSpsychMultiCounsel.rtf

Multicultural Counseling in Substance Abuse: Blacks and Hispanics
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A 21 page paper containing all of the information of its 16-page counterpart of the same name, with the addition of another section specific to treatment of women. Women tend to become addicted more quickly than men and so may be more strongly addicted by the time they seek treatment. Women also are more likely to have child, shelter, literacy and other health issues to deal with, and they generally require a longer period of aftercare. Bibliography lists 20 sources.
Filename: KSpsychMultiCounsel2.rtf

Multicultural Issues in Art Therapy
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This is a 10 page paper discussing multicultural issues in art therapy. Art therapy is known as the therapeutic use of art making in an attempt to help those experiencing illnesses, trauma or personal challenges, in their treatment and recovery. Art therapists are well educated professionals who have to take a great many certifications and courses in the areas of art, medicine and psychotherapy among others. In addition, art therapists have standards which must be maintained by the profession and a large portion of these standards have to do with successfully accounting for the multicultural differences in clients and the community. Art therapists must develop relationships with their clients and in order to do this properly art therapists must educate themselves on the differences in beliefs, norms, rituals and therapy expectations of individuals who are from different cultural, ethnic, race, gender, age or social backgrounds. In addition to knowing the belief systems which may influence therapy, art therapists must also be aware of how different belief systems have influenced clients’ lives outside of the clinical environment in addition to several other governing factors. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: TJartth1.rtf

Multicultural Marriage Counseling
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An 8 page overview of the difficulties involved in providing multicultural marriage counseling. Emphasizes the differences and the feelings of isolation which a multicultural couple, or a couple whose cultural background is different from the counselor might experience. It also suggests that it is the role of the counselor to overcome these feelings and to gain the trust of the clients. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: Marcouns.wps

Narrative Therapy and the Immigrant Population
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This 12 page paper examines narrative therapy and delves into its uses in the context of immigrant populations. Narrative therapy is discussed in depth. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: SA502nar.rtf

Panic Disorder and Marriage Therapy
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A 12 page discussion of panic disorder and the threat it can present to a marriage. This paper outlines the usefulness of marriage therapy in overcoming that threat. Bibliography lists seven sources.
Filename: PPpanicMarriage.rtf

Panic Disorder: A Review of the Condition and Considerations for Additional Research
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An 8 page evaluation of the psychiatric condition known as “panic disorder”. This paper defines the condition and provides a review of the literature regarding its manifestations and the various options for treatment. An outline for future research considerations is also included. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: PPpanic2.rtf

Permanent Partners: Building Gay and Lesbian Relationships that Last
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This 5 page paper provides an overview of the basic arguments in Berzon's book Permanent Partners: Building Gay and Lesbian Relationships that Last. This paper outlines the significance of her arguments and their application for counseling. Bibliography lists 3 pages.
Filename: MHCoupCo.rtf